Grammar notes

Notes (Verbs of perception)

1.Action = focusing on a specific object (listen to - look at - smell - taste)
e.g He is listening to the radio

2.Non action (verbs in general perception) = non - progressive e.g(She smells smoke)

3.Non action (verbs indicate appearance) = non - progressive e.g(This looks terrible)

Overview of my subject area

My subject area is International Business and Marketing. Nowadays international business have essential functions which help the whole financial system to develop under global policy. It is very int resting for people to understand the specif functions of international business and marketing in the new modern world. In addition it is important to focus in the main role of marketing which has been influenced the consuming behavior of global market. Product - Place - Price - Promotion are 4 keys where marketers has been used for several years due to cover consuming needs.

http://wtfaculty.wtamu.edu/~sanwar.bus/otherlinks.htm

Grammar and Language notes


Describing graphs

From 1989 to 1995 there was a sligth decreased in production of cars.

From 1986 to 1989 there was a dramatic decreased in the enrolment number. From 1989 until now there has been a slight increase in enrolment numbers.

From 1989 to 1995 the type one washing machine sales increased slightly. For the same period the washing ,machine sales of type two increased slowly.

From 1070 to 1975 there was a slow increase in music sales of L.P records and subsequently from 1980 to 1995 there was a rapid decrease in sales of L.P records.



From Jan to May there was a slight increase in the number of tourists, after that from May to July there was a rapid increase for this numbers. The tourist’s number from July to Aug have decreased moderately and from Aug to Sep increased slightly with fluctuations. Finally Sep to Dec there was a rapid decrease in tourist numbers.

Self study writing task.

The negative effects of globalisation in my town.

The biggest problem in the city of Volos is the environmental pollution. This problem focused in the factory of cement which has been working for over 40 years in the area. This is the reason why Volos has increased percentages of pollution. The result of this fact is the pollution of Pagasetic gulf in one way. In other way of pollution is the harmful gases which are emitted in higher frequency, especially during the night. As a result diseases like asthma or cancer are on the increase. The measures which the municipality of Volos could take, is the restriction of harmful gases with environmental filters. However, it is common true that this factory has been helped many families in my town to leave with a standard income every month and if this factory close it will be very strong blow for the local community.

Theodore Panayotou (2000) Globalization and Environment , Working Paper No. 53, Harvard University press, Environment and Development Paper No.1

My self study for today was academic reading.


Notes for Text A page 60 (Pre-sessional Academic English Cource book)

1 : Goods - ideas - institution are some functions of globalisation which people used in order to motivated and improved their lifes

2 : It is obviously that in the last dacates spesific part of world economy has been affected by globalisation

3 : We odserved that thousands of years before the concept of global warld came in to use

4 : Has been the exhanged of plants and animals. It was the first effort for a new way to trade people each other.

5 : Globalisation was for the ancient countries the mix of trade and culture which acquisitive leaders from Alexander the greate to Genghis Khan faced with high confidence.

Introduction

It is obviously that in the last decades a great part of the modern world has been affected by the evolution of globalisation. With the term of globalisation we describe a complete system of trade, economy and communication. According to Jan Aart Scholte globalisation is a huge media system which collects information all over the world. Some analysts consider that globalisation it is everyday life which creates contemporary habits. Unfortunately in last month we observe the negative effects of globalisation (economic crises) which influence a great part of the development world. However, the effects of globalisation in some cases are beneficial for countries. But generally without the necessary security this global movement is harmful for the global community.
The first part of this essay will summarize the main effects of globalisation, and the second part will focus on the beneficial effects of globalisation in the specific area of international business and marketing.

Reading task (self study)

GLOBALIZATION OF THE WORLD ECONOMY:
POTENTIAL BENEFITS AND COSTS AND A NET ASSESSMENT

According to the above lecture i took some important information about the potential benefits of globalisation.

Globalisation has different interpretations to different people

Electronic mail, the Internet, and the World Wide Web are some of the technological achivments

Globalization has been trade liberalization and other forms of economic liberalization

1) stabilization of the macroeconomy, 2) liberalization of prices 3) privatization of state-owned enterprise

The main effects of globalization

Industrial effects (Reading task)

Financial effects

Economic effects

Political effects

Informational effects

Social effects

REFERENCE

Michael D. Intriligator.(2001) Globalization of the world economy, Working Paper No 2. UCLA

Michael D. Bordo. (2000) The Globalization of International Financial Markets, Paper for conference , The Challenge of Globalization, Rutgers University and NBER.

The tools of globalisation READING TASK - PREPARING FOR FURTHER STUDY

Foreign direct investment

Human migration

Trade

spread of technology

Bibliography

A.J.C. Manders, Y.S. Brenner (1999) Globalization, new production concepts and income distribution. International Journal of Social Economics, Volume: 26 Issue: 4Page: 559 - 569

Eatwell, J. (1996) “International Financial Liberalization: The impact on World
Development”, UNDP, Office of Development Studies, New York, Discussion Papers
series 12.

Introduction


The rapid increase of terrorism and the high rhythms of criminality in recent years have activated the governments around the world to protect the society from each structure of threat. Obviously citizens, who live in countries with a very high criminality and with a lot of danger for terrorism attacks such as United Kingdom or United States of America, especially need help of technology and science to leave with more protection. After the terrorist attacks in London and in New York, the governments of both sides want to secure the daily life with technological realisations which can be finding in every public or private place. Many citizens believe that is safer for them if their governments used the technology to keep an eye on people life.
Can it be argued that technology and science are two important functions which protect our life from the treats of the inside and outside environment such as criminals and terrorist? Many people say that, it is better to have a high measure of protection sacrifice some of our personal freedom but we are living with safety. On the other hand many people argued that this measure is for the society the end of the modern democracy. This essay will consider both sides of arguments for the breaches of our personal privacy with the use of technology and science to fight crime.

However, many people believe that the use of technology and science to fight crime is a very helpful process, for their protection against terrorism and crime. Government’s use technology and science to protect our life on a daily basis. And this process is very significant for people who live in countries with an elevated percent of criminality and terrorism threats. Consequently citizens they have many reasons to consent in the use of technological and science realisations, such as the use of the Closed-Circuit Television system (CCTV) in public places and the maintenance base of DNA data for previous criminals.

Paragraph 2: First disadvantage (The unjustifiable use of technology in everyday life increase rapidly. The authorities monitoring every moment of the public life)

Paragraph 3: Second disadvantage (The use of technological and science realisation to surveillance the society such as internet – mail – phones – mobile phones)

Paragraph 4: Third disadvantage (The secret anointment could be dangerous for the personal freedom)

Conclusion: Sometimes the society needs the protection of the technology and science. However in the same time we need to keep some of the essential functions of our freedom which are very important for our life.

writing task

The poorer nations

Nowadays poorer nations have 3 important problems which are health ,education and trade. It is very important fot governments of richer nations to help those countries with medical help ,education programs and trade development.

Firstly it is a very good for humanity to help the nations which don't have the opportunity to develop essential categories of society , such as help. The richer nations should takes the main reason in those situation and help those countries with doctors and medical organizations.

Obviously in those countries they should build schools for the education development. It is very important for children to have the opportunity to learn and discover the true meaning of life.

Finally it is very important for the governments of richer nations to make economical coop oration with countries which haven't developed trade. The economy of these countries will become stronger ,if the national income will increase year by year.

To coclude ,if all richer nations have more responsibility for those countries ,it will be much easier for health ,education and trade to develop for poorer countries. Actually the problem will be solved also for the societies which give the opportunity to people such as African foreign people to work in our countries.

writing task

Money is the most important thing in a person career.


Nowadays money is the most powerful means for the people. Before money discovered ,people had a more simple life and the society had to control other problems. But at list in the last 100 years money plays a essential role in every day life. It is truth to say that money is the most important thing in a person Carrier.

First of all , all people work because they need money. The person who have a big carrier in their business , most of the times , have a high salary. All the employees who have big dreams work hard and they expect higher personal profits.
A second reason why money is important is that ,when people have as the first choice the money and the profits ,they do their jobs more professionally ,because their target is the increase of their money and profits.

Finally every day more and more people think of ways, in which way ,they can increase their money. The first reason why people decide to make a Carrier is the money.

Exploring the Oceans hidden worlds

Why we ignore oceans?

Why we look only in the sky?


When scientist explored the oceans, they found that, a big percent of the underwater life was unexplored. The highest percent of our planet exist in the darkness. The scientist discovered a lot of volcanoes in the oceans which they had a very huge chimneys under the water. These chimneys are the proof that these volcanoes were activate until now. However the scientist with the new technological tools had the opportunity to discover small cities under the water. Furthermore the explorers found many historical evidences which said that the sea was the main road for the nations to develop their national environment and their culture.

''Greek god Poseidon (god Neptune, in Roman mythology) is best known as the God of the Sea, but he was also the god of the earthquakes and horses.

He was the son of Cronus and Rhea. Just like his brothers and sisters (Hades, Hestia, Demeter and Hera), he was swallowed by his father right after he was born, but later he was brought up again (there is also another version, according to which Rhea told Cronus she had given birth to a horse and presented him a foal to swallow. God Poseidon grew up in a flock of lambs).

Together with his brothers, he took part in the Titanomachy. After Cronus was defeated, Poseidon drew lots with Zeus and Hades, and got the kingdom of the Sea. ‘’The big bang of the sea’’
The Greek god Poseidon had an ever-changing temperament. When he was in a good mood, he would create new islands (just like he did for Clito, one of his lovers, thus creating the island of Atlantis). More often, though, he was in a bad mood and he would shake his trident, thus producing earthquakes, seismic waves or causing volcanoes to erupt''. http://www.greek-gods-and-goddesses.com/greek-god-poseidon.html


http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/robert_ballard_on_exploring_the_oceans.html

http://www.greek-gods-and-goddesses.com/greek-god-poseidon.html

Television is in no way a true mirror of society. To what extend do you agree with this statement

Introduction

In our time television is one of the most daily occupations. But what exactly is television? Many years ago, the society received television as a new kind of entertainment. Although television showed that it was something more than a simple or a usual toy of entertainment. On the other hand the society in form the use of television developed a different kind of indirect communication. However television constitute of different social aspects. Accordingly, people believe that when we used something we have two types of results. The positive and the negative.
For example a positive function of television is the educational advantages or the international news which people can aspect for some television programs. On the other hand we have the negative aspects for television such as violence , commercial advertising and propaganda . Therefore we have to compare the advantages and the disadvantages of the television function which we will analyze in the other section of this survey. Furthermore we will try to answer what is the different between society and television as well, why television is in no way a true mirror of society.



Paragraph 1
Positive effects of television such as Educational advantages and international news. Television developed a different kind of indirect communication.

Paragraph 2
Negative function of television such as violence, commercial advertising and propaganda .

Paragraph 3
Why television is in no way the true mirror of society? What is the different between society and television.

Conclusions
Agree with the statement. However we probably understand that when we watch television we attend a mix of a real life with fake and pleasantly elements.

Listening Task

The design of the universe

What happen before the existence of the big bang? This is a very big question for the scientist who searches what happen in the first moments of the creation. Nowadays the scientists try to found important information’s with the help of the space telescopes and the scientist satellites. Therefore we know all these information’s which the scientists estimated in order to explain the real structure of our galaxy.

http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/george_smoot_on_the_design_of_the_universe.html

Writing task

‘’A second language should be a mandatory lesson in school’’

Nowadays a second language should be a mandatory lesson in school. The reason why a modern school should teach a second language is that it is important for the world communication between the same or different cultures. The need for a second language is vital for students because it prepare any one who follows this course in order to face globalization. At the same time a teaching for second language gives the opportunity to students to broaden their horizons as it allows them to study abroad.

The first reason why second language teaching is an opportunity is that, globalization requires citizens of different countries to communicate. When any European knows a second language it is easier for them to communicate with different nationalities.

The second reason is that, the knowledge which a second language offers is the opportunity to get to known different cultures. When the students are taught a different language from the one they know, they allow themselves to meet a culture which has a great history and they know the historical facts which were written in the world history.

Asking big questions about the universe



How did we get here ?

Big Bang was the start of universe

BUT THE BIGEST QUESTION IS

What existed before the Big Bang

We know very well that universe created in different stages


Are we alone?

We don’t know how life first appeared

3 billion years ago we don’t know how earth like


We will survive?

If we are the only existence in this universe, we will survive.

http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/stephen_hawking_asks_big_questions_about_the_universe.html

Thinking outside the box is happiness...

The dirty work of happiness


Happiness are memories like a picture

Happiness is the quality of life and emotions

Happiness was the first thought when you saw the suffering of all day


Confusing happiness with pleasure


Pleasure is a very specific function of human brain which consists from variables such as time, objective and place

Pleasure is a specific moment in the time

Pleasure probably is the change of nature


Mind training


Different place of human brain work to produce different emotions

Experience to control emotions such as happiness , fear , suffering or love

The human brain analyze emotions like happiness or suffering , love or pain


Measuring happiness in a laboratory


Right side of human brain Pleasure

Left side of human brain Happiness

Self study

Writing task..


Why E.U and the member states proposed 20015 as a possible time frame for the implementation of this common corporate tax base.


The common corporate tax base is clearly one measure which will undowtedly put one very strong stone in the common European trade and economy. According to my opinion this measure will help all these countries ,which in reality have feeble trade to develop. It is a fact that, 55% of the member states believe that , 2015 is a actually possible time frame for the implementation of this measure.

When this measure is successfully applied the countries which have a stronger economy than others ,will slowly start to invest in countries which have small rythms of growth. And this will happen because the countries which undowtedly have high growth rates also have the most power full companies.

2015 is clearly a possible time frame for the implementation of this measure because in 2012 London will actually host the Olympic games. This event will obviously attract the largest companies of the world market. The competition on the Olympic market will be very high and the common corporate tax base will create more competitiveness in the market. After the Olympic games the companies will see the results of growth and they will make a new investment strategy.

My own predictions are that Greece will have a problem with this measure because the small and the medium companies are afraid of the competition and the investment capital which is present in the Greek market. The time which E.U gives to the states members is creatively enough in order to make some clever movements to improve all these difficulties which every country have.

Background

Over the last few decades motivational theories have been developed steadily and used from people to increase the growth personal and corporate functions. The motivation of the pre – session English course is a function which everyone could develop and manage their own way. There are a number of theories with different meanings for everyone who want to increase steadily their personal results.

Especially for this research we try to found how much the pre - session English course have been motivating the pre- session international students. According to the theory of Abraham Maslow’s people search for these motivations in two categories, the first one is the Intrinsic force, which it is constituted from the inside forces, such as the knowledge, the future aims, or the needs to fix same personal functions that they have been made with the need of human communication between persons or in academic or in a social level. The second category is the extrinsic motivation, which is the outside force such as, the main social current, or the political and economical developments. However the family and the friendly environment are forces for the outside environment. Most of the times these forces has a common direction and of course if someone attend all these functions of motivation, he will see the reactions between intrinsic and extrinsic forces.

We tried to categorize intrinsic and extrinsic forces which have relation with the quality and the quantity of the motivation which the pre- session students used to increase their language skills. For this occasion, tutorial teaching or other methods of teaching such as the conversation class are the most essential motivation function. However, the motivation is a characteristic which have a personal use for every student.





Aims

The purpose of this research is to find out how much pre - session English course motivate international students to learn English.

The second aim of this research was to see the individual students that motivate themselves to make a progress with their language studies.

Finally we have been done this research to recognize if these motivates are intrinsic or extrinsic forces. Probably the sample of this research was so short but the collection data was very important academic information.

Method

It would be beneficial for the next pre – session English course to collect and analyze the factors of the motivations which can increase the effectiveness of the course. Also, we can find new ways to improve the communication, between teacher and student. In specific research we used the quantitative research to collect all the data which we need.
We determined the purpose of our research and then we organized the questionnaire. We have been chosen the quantitative research because we need to know how much the pre – session English course motivate the international students.

Data collection

for the data collection we used the questionnaires in sample of 34 students. Through the questionnaires we asked the opinion of the pre - session academic students about the importance of motivation in pre - session English course.


Findings Results

In the first question we asked the pre –session English students what is the most important motivation for them to learn English. 53% of the respondents believed that the inside force was more important for them that the outside force motivation. In contrast 47 % of the sample said that the outside force was more important for them to motivate.

When we asked the respondents how much do you feel that the teacher motivate you, the majority of the students (97%) said that the teacher motivates them very helpfully and only 3% they had different opinion for this function.

In the questions which we analyzed the activity of teachers, 25 of 34 pre -session English students answered that was more helpful for their progress to take feedback for the teacher than to participate in the conversation class. Generally most of the students (30 of 34) answered that the teachers in this course motivate them to do best work. In contrast, only a minimum percentage of the respondents had different opinion.

Furthermore when we asked how important is for the students to have multinational class mates, a very few respondents of this survey answered that it was not important for them o have multi - national classmates.

Finally there was an upward trend for the respondents who believed that it was more useful for them to read a book or a journal than to watch television. The number of the pre -session students who believed that is more important to watch television programs was 25 less than the students who believed that the book and the journal text has a better motivation.


Discussion

This survey wants to analyze all these functions which can do the pre-session English students to have a significant motivation to improve their English skills.

The respondents of this survey believe that the internal force is a better way to achieve the motivation. This could mean that those students have the needs to take feedback from the teacher and probably if they want to have a direct communication about their progress with teacher.

It is true that the majority of the pre-session students have the same opinion for the help that they get from their teacher for this course. This could be indicating that, this course maybe has a specific aim which the pre –session English students understand, and they want to have an effective corporation with the academic staff.

The minority of students believe that is not very important to have international classmates. Perhaps this means that those students had a basic problem with their English language and probably they had a problem to understand the rest of foreign students.

Finally, many students believed that it was more effective to read a book or a journal text. This could seem that the pre –sectional English students have seen better results of their language skills after they start reading books or journal topics.

Conclusion

Motivation was for thousands of years a very essential function which people used to motivate other people. In this research we focused to find how the pre-session English course motivates the international students and what kind of motivation the students needs. A very important finding was that the students were motivated much more from teacher than the outside force such as the family environment. This result suggests that the communication between pre - session English students and the academic staff were very strong.